Öncelikle kaynağımı belirteyim ilk yazı Wiki'den,ikincisi ise kitabın ingilizce çevirisinden alıntıdır.Ayrıca ilgilenenler için farklı bağlantılar var aşağıda.
Martin Luther ~ Vom Kriege wider die Türken ~ On War Against The TurkBenim gibi az bir ingilizceyle de,biraz sözlük yardımı alarak anlayabilirsiniz elbette. (:
Yazıdan çıkardığıma göre Luther reformdan evvel Osmanlılarla savaşa karşıydı,ama neden? Çünkü o dönemde papalığın yaptıkları ve kilisenin bozulmasına karşın Osmanlıyı Tanrı'dan gönderilmiş bir ceza olarak görüyordu.Daha sonra Osmanlının avrupadaki ilerleyişini görünce,ve bazı hristiyan bölgelerin fethedildiğini görünce (bkz.Buda) görüşünde bazı sapmalar olmuş Luther'in.
Evvelde Yahudiliğe nazaran İslama daha ılımlı bakan biridir,İslam'ın şartlarını,temellerini incelemiş ve İslam dininin yaşanmasına tolerans gösterilmesini istemiştir.
Şu görüşü;"Let the Turk believe and live as he will, just as one lets the papacy and other false Christians live."
-Martin Luther, From On war against the Turk, 1529
Osmanlı'nın Avrupa'da fetihlerini artırmasının ardından değişti.
Daha sonra şu şekilde değiştirmiştir;"[There exists those who] actually want the Turk to come and rule because they think our German people are wild and uncivilized - indeed that they are half-devil and half-man"
—Martin Luther in On War against the Turk, 1529.
Ama bir haçlı seferi yapılanmasına da karşıdır; "...as though our people were an army of Christians against the Turks, who were enemies of Christ. This is absolutely contrary to Christ's doctrine and name"
—Excerpt from On war against the Turk, 1529.
Initially, in his 1518 Explanation of the Ninety-five Theses, Luther had argued against resisting the Turks, whom he presented as a scourge intentionally sent by God to sinning Christians, and that resisting it would have been equivalent to resisting the will of God.[2] This position had been initially shared by Erasmus as well, but was strongly criticized by authors such as Thomas More:
"It is a gentle holiness to abstain for devotion from resisting the Turk, and in the meanwhile to rise up in routs and fight against Christian men, and destroy as that sect has done, many a good religious house, spoiled, maimed and slain many a good virtuous man, robbed, polluted, and pulled down many a goodly church of Christ."
—Thomas More.[3]
With the Turkish advance becoming ever more threatening however, in 1528 Luther modified his stance and wrote On War against the Turk and in 1529 Sermon against the Turk, encouraging the German people and Emperor Charles V to resist the invasion.[4]
Compared with his anti-Judaism, Luther's positions against Islam were relatively mild.[5] On the one hand Luther extensively criticized the principles of Islam, but on the other hand he also expressed tolerance towards the practice of the Islamic faith:
"Let the Turk believe and live as he will, just as one lets the papacy and other false Christians live."
—Excerpt from On war against the Turk, 1529.[6]
In On War against the Turk, Luther is actually less critical of the Turks than he is of the Pope, whom he calls an anti-Christ, or the Jews, whom he describes as "the Devil incarnate".[7] He urges his contemporaries to also see the good aspects in the Turks, and refers to some who were favourable to the Ottoman Empire, and "who actually want the Turk to come and rule, because they think that our German people are wild and uncivilized - indeed that they are half-devil and half-man".[8]
He also argued that the fight against the Turks should not be a Holy War, but only a secular one, made in self-defense, and led by the secular authorities of the Emperor and the Princes, and strongly warned against leading it as a religious war:
"...as though our people were an army of Christians against the Turks, who were enemies of Christ. This is absolutely contrary to Christ's doctrine and name"
—Excerpt from On war against the Turk, 1529.[9]
Luther’s preface
Count of Katzenellenbogen, Ziegenhain and Nidda, My gracious lord.
Grace and peace in Christ Jesus our Lord and Savior. Serene, highborn Prince, gracious Lord.
Certain persons have been begging me for the past five years to write about war against the Turks, and encourage our people and stir them up to it, and now that the Turk is actually approaching, my friends are compelling me to do this duty, especially since there are some stupid preachers among us Germans (as I am sorry to hear) who are making the people believe that we ought not and must not fight against the Turks. Some are even so crazy as to say that it is not proper for Christians to bear the temporal sword or to be rulers; also because our German people are such a wild and uncivilized folk that there are some who want the Turk to come and rule. All the blame for this wicked error among the people is laid on Luther and must be called “the fruit of my Gospel,” just as I must bear the blame for the rebellion, and for everything bad that happens anywhere in the world.
My accusers know better, but God and His Word to the contrary, they pretend not to know better, and seek occasion to speak evil of the Holy Ghost and of the truth that is openly confessed, so that they may earn the reward of hell and never receive repentance or the forgiveness of their sins.
Therefore it is necessary for me to write of these things for my own sake and the Gospel’s sake and to enter our defense; not because of the blasphemers, however. They are not good enough to make it worthwhile to say a single word of defense to them, for to them the Gospel must always be a stench and a savor of death unto death, as they have deserved by their willful blasphemy. But I must write in order that innocent consciences may not any longer be deceived by these slandermongers, and made suspicious of me or my doctrine, and may not be deceived into believing that we must not fight against the Turks. I have thought best to publish this little book under the name of your Grace, who are a famous and mighty prince, so that it may be the better received and the more diligently read. Thus, if it came to a discussion of a campaign against the Turks, the princes and lords would readily recall it. I commend your Grace to our merciful God’s grace and favor, that He may keep your Grace against all error and against the craft of the devil, and illumine and strengthen your Grace for a blessed reign.
Yukarıdaki ilk yazının tamamı; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_War_against_the_TurkLuther'in On war against the Turk kitabının ingilizce çevirisi;http://www.lutherdansk.dk/On%20war%20against%20Islamic%20reign%20of%20terror/On%20war%20against%20Islamic%20reign%20of%20terror1.htm
Bu da yabancı bir kaynak daha,biraz farklı ama; http://www.jstor.org/pss/3160965"Rather Turkish than Papist"(Papaya Türkleri tercih etmek denebilir) görüşü; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liever_Turks_dan_PaapsNe yazıkki bu yazıların Türkçe çevirisi yok internette.
Esen kalın. (: